1 Samuel 13:1-14:52
Saul Strikes Down the Philistines
Saul was thirty years old when he began to reign, and he reigned forty-two years over Israel.
2 And Saul chose for himself 3,000 men of Israel, of which 2,000 were with Saul in aMichmash and in the hill country of Bethel, while 1,000 were with Jonathan at bGibeah of Benjamin. But he sent away the rest of the people, each to his tent. 3 And Jonathan struck athe garrison of the Philistines that was in bGeba, and the Philistines heard of it. Then Saul cblew the trumpet throughout the land, saying, “Let the Hebrews hear.” 4 Then all Israel heard the news that Saul had struck the garrison of the Philistines, and also that Israel ahad become odious to the Philistines. The people were then summoned to Saul at Gilgal.
5 Now the Philistines assembled to fight with Israel, 30,000 chariots and 6,000 horsemen and apeople like the sand which is on the seashore in abundance; and they came up and camped in Michmash, east of bBeth-aven. 6 Now the men of Israel saw that they were in a strait (for the people were hard-pressed). Then athe people hid themselves in caves, in thickets, in cliffs, in cellars, and in pits. 7 Also some of the Hebrews crossed the Jordan into the land of aGad and Gilead. But as for Saul, he was still in Gilgal, and all the people followed him trembling.
Saul Doesn’t Keep Yahweh’s Commandment
8 So ahe waited seven days, according to the appointed time set by Samuel, but Samuel did not come to Gilgal; and the people were scattering from him. 9 So Saul said, “Bring near to me the burnt offering and the peace offerings.” And ahe offered the burnt offering. 10 And as soon as he finished offering the burnt offering, behold, Samuel came; and aSaul went out to meet him and to greet him. 11 But Samuel said, “What have you done?” And Saul said, “Because I saw that the people were scattering from me, and that you did not come within the appointed days, and that athe Philistines were assembling at Michmash, 12 therefore I said, ‘Now the Philistines will come down against me at Gilgal, and I have not entreated the favor of Yahweh.’ So I forced myself and offered the burnt offering.” 13 And Samuel said to Saul, “aYou have acted foolishly; byou have not kept the commandment of Yahweh your God, which He commanded you, for now Yahweh would have established your kingdom over Israel cforever. 14 But anow your kingdom shall not endure. bYahweh has sought out for Himself a man after His own heart, and Yahweh has appointed him as ruler over His people because you have not kept what Yahweh commanded you.”
15 Then Samuel arose and went up from Gilgal to aGibeah of Benjamin. And Saul numbered the people who were present with him, babout six hundred men. 16 Now Saul and his son Jonathan and the people who were present with them were staying in aGeba of Benjamin, and the Philistines camped at Michmash. 17 And athe raiders came from the camp of the Philistines in three companies: one company turned toward bOphrah, to the land of Shual, 18 and another company turned to the way of aBeth-horon, and another company turned to the way of the border which overlooks the valley of bZeboim toward the wilderness.
19 Now ano blacksmith could be found in all the land of Israel, for the Philistines said, “Lest the Hebrews make bswords or spears.” 20 So all Israel went down to the Philistines, each to sharpen his plowshare, his mattock, his axe, and his goad. 21 And the charge was two-thirds of a shekel for the plowshares, the mattocks, the forks, and the axes, and to fix the goad. 22 So it happened on the day of battle that aneither sword nor spear was found in the hands of any of the people who were with Saul and Jonathan, but they were found with Saul and his son Jonathan. 23 And athe garrison of the Philistines went out to bthe pass of Michmash.
Jonathan Slaughters the Philistines
Now the day came that Jonathan, the son of Saul, said to the young man who was carrying his armor, “Come and let us cross over to the Philistines’ garrison that is on the other side.” But he did not tell his father. 2 And Saul was staying in the outskirts of aGibeah under the pomegranate tree which is in bMigron. And the people who were with him were cabout six hundred men, 3 and Ahijah, the ason of Ahitub, bIchabod’s brother, the son of Phinehas, the son of Eli, the priest of Yahweh at cShiloh, dwas wearing an ephod. And the people did not know that Jonathan had gone. 4 aNow between the passes by which Jonathan sought to cross over to the Philistines’ garrison, there was a sharp crag on the one side and a sharp crag on the other side, and the name of the one was Bozez, and the name of the other Seneh. 5 The one crag rose on the north opposite Michmash, and the other on the south opposite Geba.
6 Then Jonathan said to the young man who was carrying his armor, “Come and let us cross over to the garrison of athese uncircumcised; perhaps Yahweh will work for us, for bYahweh is not restrained to save by many or by few.” 7 And his armor bearer said to him, “Do all that is in your heart; turn yourself, and here I am with you according to your heart.” 8 Then Jonathan said, “aBehold, we will cross over to the men and reveal ourselves to them. 9 If they say to us, ‘Wait until we come to you,’ then we will stand in our place and not go up to them. 10 But if they say, ‘Come up to us,’ then we will go up, for Yahweh has given them into our hands; and athis shall be the sign to us.” 11 So both of them revealed themselves to the garrison of the Philistines, and the Philistines said, “Behold, aHebrews are coming out of the holes where they have hidden themselves.” 12 So the men of the garrison hailed Jonathan and his armor bearer and said, “Come up to us, and awe will make you know something.” And Jonathan said to his armor bearer, “Come up after me, for bYahweh has given them into the hands of Israel.” 13 Then Jonathan climbed up on his hands and feet, with his armor bearer behind him; and they fell before Jonathan, and his armor bearer put some to death after him. 14 And that first slaughter which Jonathan and his armor bearer made was about twenty men within about half a furrow in an acre of land. 15 And there was a trembling in the camp, in the field, and among all the people. Even the garrison and athe raiders trembled, and bthe earth quaked so cthat it became a great trembling.
16 Then Saul’s watchmen in Gibeah of Benjamin looked, and behold, the multitude melted away; and they went here and there. 17 So Saul said to the people who were with him, “Number now and see who has gone from us.” And when they had numbered, behold, Jonathan and his armor bearer were not there. 18 Then Saul said to Ahijah, “aBring the ark of God here.” For the ark of God was at that time with the sons of Israel. 19 aAnd it happened that while Saul talked to the priest, the commotion in the camp of the Philistines continued and increased; so Saul said to the priest, “Withdraw your hand.” 20 Then Saul and all the people who were with him rallied and came to the battle; and behold, aevery man’s sword was against his fellow, and there was very great confusion. 21 Now the Hebrews who were with the Philistines previously, who went up with them all around in the camp, even athey also turned to be with the Israelites who were with Saul and Jonathan. 22 Now all the amen of Israel who had hidden themselves in the hill country of Ephraim heard that the Philistines had fled, and they pursued them closely in the battle. 23 So aYahweh saved Israel that day, and the battle spread beyond bBeth-aven.
Saul’s Oath Makes the People Weary
24 Now the men of Israel were hard-pressed on that day. And Saul had aput the people under oath, saying, “Cursed be the man who eats food before evening and until I have avenged myself on my enemies.” So none of the people tasted food. 25 Now all the people of the land entered the forest, and there was honey on the ground. 26 So the people entered the forest, and behold, athere was a flow of honey; but no man put his hand to his mouth, for the people feared the sworn oath. 27 But Jonathan had not heard when his father put the people under a sworn oath; therefore, ahe put out the end of the staff that was in his hand and dipped it in the honeycomb and put his hand to his mouth, and bhis eyes brightened. 28 Then one of the people answered and said, “Your father strictly put the people under a sworn oath, saying, ‘Cursed be the man who eats food today.’” And the people were weary. 29 Then Jonathan said, “aMy father has troubled the land. See now, how my eyes have brightened because I tasted a little of this honey. 30 How much more, if only the people had eaten freely today of the spoil of their enemies which they found! For now the slaughter among the Philistines has not been great.”
31 Then they struck among the Philistines that day from aMichmash to bAijalon. And the people were very weary. 32 aSo the people rushed greedily upon the spoil, and they took sheep and oxen and calves and slaughtered them on the ground; and the people ate them bwith the blood. 33 Then they told Saul, saying, “Behold, the people are asinning against Yahweh by eating with the blood.” And he said, “You have acted treacherously; roll a great stone to me today.” 34 And Saul said, “Scatter yourselves among the people and say to them, ‘Each one of you bring me his ox or his sheep, and slaughter it here and eat; and do not sin against Yahweh by eating with the blood.’” So all the people that night brought each one his ox with him and slaughtered it there. 35 And aSaul built an altar to Yahweh; it was the first altar that he built to Yahweh.
36 Then Saul said, “Let us go down after the Philistines by night and take spoil among them until the morning light, and let us not leave a man of them.” And they said, “Do whatever seems good in your eyes.” So athe priest said, “Let us draw near to God here.” 37 And Saul aasked of God, “Shall I go down after the Philistines? Will You give them into the hand of Israel?” But bHe did not answer him on that day. 38 And Saul said, “aDraw near here, all you chiefs of the people, and know and see how this sin has happened today. 39 For aas Yahweh lives, who saves Israel, though it is in Jonathan my son, he shall surely die.” But not one of all the people answered him. 40 Then he said to all Israel, “You shall be on one side, and I and Jonathan my son will be on the other side.” And the people said to Saul, “Do what seems good in your eyes.” 41 Therefore, Saul said to Yahweh, the God of Israel, “aGive a perfect lot.” And Jonathan and Saul were taken, but the people escaped. 42 And Saul said, “Cast lots between me and Jonathan my son.” And Jonathan was taken.
43 Then Saul said to Jonathan, “aTell me what you have done.” So Jonathan told him and said, “bI indeed tasted a little honey with the end of the staff that was in my hand. Here I am; I must die!” 44 And Saul said, “aMay God do this to me and more also, for byou shall surely die, Jonathan.” 45 But the people said to Saul, “Must Jonathan die, who has brought about this great salvation in Israel? Far from it! As Yahweh lives, anot one hair of his head shall fall to the ground, for bhe has worked with God this day.” So the people redeemed Jonathan, and he did not die. 46 Then Saul went up from pursuing the Philistines, and the Philistines went to their own place.
Saul Fights Against His Enemies
47 Now Saul had taken the kingdom over Israel, and he fought against all his enemies on every side, against Moab, athe sons of Ammon, Edom, bthe kings of Zobah, and cthe Philistines; and wherever he turned, he inflicted punishment. 48 And he acted valiantly and astruck down the Amalekites and delivered Israel from the hands of those who plundered them.
49 Now athe sons of Saul were Jonathan and Ishvi and Malchi-shua; and the names of his two daughters were these: the name of the firstborn bMerab and the name of the younger cMichal. 50 And the name of Saul’s wife was Ahinoam the daughter of Ahimaaz. And athe name of the commander of his army was Abner the son of Ner, Saul’s uncle. 51 aAnd Kish was the father of Saul, and Ner the father of Abner was the son of Abiel.
52 Now the war against the Philistines was severe all the days of Saul; and Saul would see any mighty man or any man of valor and would agather him to his staff.